Definition: On January 6, 2021, rioters supporting US President Donald Trump's attempts to overturn his defeat in the 2020 presidential election stormed the US Capitol.
Definition: On August 26, 2023, three people were fatally shot by a gunman in a mass shooting that took place at a Dollar General store in Jacksonville, Florida.
Definition: On October 25, 2023, a mass shooting occurred in two locations in Lewiston, Maine, United States. At least 18 people were killed, and dozens more were injured.
Definition: The intentional termination of a pregnancy either for health and medical reasons or because of an elective decision. For the controversy surrounding abortion in a reproductive rights context, see "Abortion controversy."
Definition: The issues surrounding the availability of health services to individuals with regard to, for example, insurance coverage, policies or cost, physician or hospital location, or pre-existing conditions of the patient. For health care reform see "Health care reform."
Definition: Unexpected and undesirable events with negative outcomes, such as oil spills, structural collapses, recreation and transportation accidents, or industrial emergencies.
Definition: Efforts to promote, impede, direct or intervene in social, political, economic or environmental reform with the desire to make changes in society toward a perceived greater good.
Definition: Chronic physical or psychological dependence on any legal or illegal substance or behavior such that it affects the life of the addict or others.
Definition: The legal transfer of parental rights and duties to someone other than a child's birth parents. Includes all aspects of adoption that intersect with law and rights or which engender social controversy.
Definition: The manufacturing of advance materials, aircraft, armored vehicles, defense electronics and systems, military uniforms and body armor, naval ships, spacecraft, submarines and weapons and the provision of aerospace and defense equipment repair, aerospace and defense research services and space industry services.
Definition: Polices or programs that seek to level the playing field for demographic groups that have typically been discriminated against in the past, particularly with regard to employment and education. Includes legislation and political debating around affirmative action.
Definition: Unforeseen incidents occurring in the air or on the ground that involve flying vessels such as airlines, airplanes or helicopters, such as crashes, collisions, near-misses, in-air incidents or emergency landings.
Definition: The status of the air or atmosphere with regard to the amount of pollutants present at a given location. Includes causes of poor air quality, effects on the environment and humans, and human efforts to influence air quality. For specific reports and alerts on air quality, see "Air quality indexes and advisories".
Definition: Security measures taken by transportation authorities to protect airports, airplanes and their passengers from crime such as hijacking and terrorism.
Definition: Medical, therapeutic or diagnostic practices that are not generally accepted as part of conventional medicine, such as Ayurveda, acupuncture, homeopathy or herbal medicine.
Definition: Parks with a large assortment of rides, games of chance, shows and other types of entertainment. Includes openings and closings of parks, announcements of new rides and deals being offered by the parks.
Definition: The philosophical and/or legal notion that sentient animals have moral worth that is independent of their utility for humans, and that their most basic interests, such as avoiding suffering, should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.
Definition: Animals' interactions with the environment, with humans and with other animals. Includes animals in national parks, in zoos, domesticated and wild animals. For the scientific study of animals, see "Zoology".
Definition: Stories told through illustration, with or without text. Includes anime, manga, comic strips, political cartoons, and animated video in all media.
Definition: Feelings of fear, apprehension and unease regarding a real or imagined future event or situation, often accompanied by physical symptoms such as sweating, panic attacks or palpitations.
Definition: The study of human cultural history, using artifacts left behind by ancient peoples. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public. See "Physical anthropology" for the study of human physical evolution from ancient times to the present. See "Paleontology" for the study of plant and animal life from ancient times.
Definition: Planning and designing buildings, neighborhoods, and public spaces. Includes design of urban areas, landscapes, and interiors from an arts and design perspective. For content on decorating, remodeling or building your own home, see "Home and garden" and its child terms. For industry content, see "Architecture and design services".
Definition: Deliberately and maliciously setting fire to buildings, natural areas, or other property -- or burning one's own property for an improper or illegal purpose, such as to collect insurance money. For accidental or natural fires, see 'Fires' and its sub-sections.
Definition: A disease of inflammation in the joints that may be associated with pain, stiffness, swelling, and redness as well as deformities of those affected joints.
Definition: The area of computer science concerned with developing computer programs and systems capable of performing tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as decision-making, speech recognition or visual perception.
Definition: Americans of Asian ancestry, including naturalized Americans who are immigrants and descendants of such immigrants. Includes the lives and activities of Asian Americans, and issues pertaining to or of particular interest to Asian Americans.
Definition: Criminal acts of inflicting physical violence (such as hitting, stabbing, or using a gun to inflict harm) on a person or persons. For rape and other sexual violent crimes, see 'Sexual assault.'
Definition: Supportive living facilities that provide limited medical and personal care services to residents with special needs, especially seniors with disabilities.
Definition: Medical procedures and technologies used to achieve conception through artificial means and laboratory assistance, as in the case of infertility; examples include in-vitro fertilization, donor insemination and intrafallopian transfer.
Definition: Small and medium-sized rocky and metallic objects orbiting the Sun, mainly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are believed to be remnants of the formation of our solar system. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: The study of celestial objects, in our solar system and beyond, and the origins of the universe through direct observation and theoretical models. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public. See "Space industry" for industry content.
Definition: Athletes' mental, emotional and psychological states and how they affect their ability to participate in athletic activities. Includes reports on individual athletes and general discussions of mental health in competitive sports.
Definition: Recruiting athletes for college sports teams, usually from high schools. Athletes may also be recruited from junior colleges and from overseas.
Definition: The avoidance of automobile accidents or the minimization of harmful effects of accidents, in particular as pertaining to human life and health.
Definition: Competitive motorsport in which cars of varying classes and specifications race on a track, on a road or off road. Inclusive of formula, stock car, drag, and rally racing.
Definition: Accidental collisions or crashes involving roadway motor vehicles such as cars, buses, trucks or motorcycles, often resulting in death or injury.
Definition: Massive slides of snow or ice down the face of a mountain, triggered naturally or by humans, often resulting in death of or harm to people, animals or objects in their path.
Definition: On March 26, 2024, at 01:28 EDT, the main spans of the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore, Maryland, collapsed after the container ship Dali struck one of its support pillars.
Definition: Competitive beach volleyball played on sand by teams of two players. See "Volleyball games" for both indoor and beach volleyball. Also see "Volleyball" for indoor volleyball.
Definition: Modeling competitions where the contestants are judged primarily on physical appearance. Talent, personality, and public speaking elements are often included. Contestants are usually girls and young women.
Definition: The study of chemical processes and reactions within living organisms. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: Biological agents or toxins, such as anthrax, smallpox or other bacteria and viruses that are intentionally used as weapons, often in terrorist attacks.
Definition: The study of living things. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: The measurement and analysis of biological data based on physical or behavioral characteristics such as vocal patterns, fingerprints, or eye retinas, often for the purposes of verifying an individual's identity.
Definition: The use of biological processes and living organisms or tissues in technological and scientific advancements, such as genetically modified foods or cloning, or in products such as pharmaceuticals.
Definition: The use of various contraceptive devices, products, or sexual practices and techniques to control conception. For the controversy surrounding contraception in a reproductive rights context, see "Contraception controversy."
Definition: People in the United States of black African or Caribbean descent or, more generally, all black Americans. Includes the lives and activities of Black Americans, and issues pertaining to or of particular interest to Black Americans.
Definition: Acts of intentionally blocking off of ports, roadways or other access points to an area, often during wars or times of unrest, with the intention of obstructing access to food, supplies or communication.
Definition: Accidents that occur on commercial or recreational watercraft, such as canoes, commuter boats, yachts, fishing boats, naval or maritime vessels.
Definition: Literary works, including fiction, nonfiction, and poetry; events focused on such works; and the creators of these works. Also see "Creative writing".
Definition: The high-level activities of securing a nation's land and water-bound borders. Includes the administration, leadership, funding, and overall strategy and planning for securing a country's borders.
Definition: The study of plant life. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public. See "Forestry" for the science of the management and conservation of forests.
Definition: Also called "western boxing" or "pugilism." A combat sport in which two people, usually wearing padded gloves and other protective equipment, throw punches at each other for a predetermined amount of time in a boxing ring. Inclusive of competitive boxing from amateur to professional levels.
Definition: Also known as breaking, breakdancing is a style of street dance that originated in New York City that has since become a sport. The 2024 Summer Olympics will introduce competitive breaking for the first time
Definition: Illegal acts of offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of something of value for the purpose of influencing the actions of another person, often an official or public figure, for the perpetrator's benefit.
Definition: Sudden structural failures or cave-ins of buildings or portions of buildings (walls, roofs) such as apartment complexes, hotels or office structures.
Definition: Illegal acts of unlawfully and often forcefully entering a building, vehicle, store or other enclosure with the intention of stealing property or money.
Definition: All commercial, industrial, financial and economic activities involving individuals, corporations, financial markets, governments and other organizations across all countries and regions.
Definition: An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately or corporately owned and development is proportionate to the accumulation and reinvestment of profits gained in a free market.
Definition: Passenger motor vehicles from the perspective of the consumer or enthusiast. Includes buying and selling a car, automobile shows, car cruises and automobile collecting. For the automobile industry see "Automobile manufacturing". For innovations and inventions that support motor vehicles, see "Automotive technology". For inventions that reduce the use of fossil fuels and emissions in vehicles, see "Green vehicle technology".
Definition: A condition characterized by the body's inability to tolerate and digest wheat gluten, triggering an autoimmune response that results in chronic intestinal inflammation.
Definition: The production of chemicals is an industry that is a major provider of raw materials for consumers, manufacturing, defense, and exports. End markets include consumer products, health care, construction, home furnishings, paper, textiles, paints, electronics, food, and transportation. In fact, most industries use chemicals as their key raw materials.
Definition: The science of the composition and properties of matter. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public. See also "Biochemistry" for the study of chemical processes and reactions within living organisms and "Geochemistry" for the study of the chemical makeup and processes of the Earth and its component parts.
Definition: Criminal acts of physical, sexual, emotional or psychological abuse against children. For the social issue of child abuse, see "Abuse and neglect of children."
Definition: Supervision and care of minor children by persons other than their parents, usually as a professional service. Child care may be provided in a group facility, in the family's home, or in a provider's home. Includes facilities, providers, laws, concerns of parents, standards, child development, costs, government sponsorship or support, and related social issues. See also, "Childcare costs" and "Early childhood education".
Definition: The biological, psychological and developmental changes that occur in humans between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.
Definition: A criminal offense in which an adult exposes a child to a dangerous or harmful situation or environment, such as illegal drug use, unsupervised weapons or improper seat belt use.
Definition: Biologically, a child is usually defined as a person between birth and puberty. Legally, the term may refer to anyone below the age of majority.
Definition: The celebration of the New Year with the date determined by a lunar calendar. It is celebrated by ethnic Chinese and in countries where ethnic Chinese have settled.
Definition: A disorder of unknown cause, characterized by persistent fatigue combined with symptoms such as joint and muscle pain, weakness, depression, headaches, and/or sleep disturbances.
Definition: In males, the surgical removal of the loose tissue that covers the glans of the penis for religious, cultural or health reasons. For the controversial topic of female circumcision, see "Female genital cutting."
Definition: The design and construction of public works such as bridges, tunnels, irrigation and sewage systems, levies, streets and highways, railroads, dams, runways, pipelines, etc.
Definition: Either the assertion or violation of an individual's unalienable rights and privileges, such as freedom of speech, religion, information, or the right to a fair trial.
Definition: The natural or physical world, and especially the relationship between nature (ecosystems, wildlife, the atmosphere, water, land, etc.) and human beings. Includes the effects of human activities on the environment and vice versa, as well as the management of nature by humans. May also include discussions of the natural world that are unrelated to humans or human activity.
Definition: Changes in the general condition of the global atmosphere -- attributed directly or indirectly to human activity -- which result in changes to the long-term, average weather conditions of the earth. Includes the causes and effects of climate change and efforts to prevent or reduce climate change caused by human activity. For the scientific aspects of climate change, see also "Climatology".
Definition: Internet-based computing services where software applications, data and programs are housed on the Internet and are available to computer users on demand. Includes various applications as well as cloud storage.
Definition: A genre of entertainment and performance encompassing sketch, stand-up or improv, as well as film comedies, TV sitcoms and romantic comedies.
Definition: A system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and a single, often authoritarian party holds power. The aim is to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people.
Definition: Compensation paid to individual athletes and coaches and the regulation of compensation for groups of athletes. Includes salary caps, minimum salaries, and player union negotiations, as well as issues in college sports, such as NIL and coach overcompensation.
Definition: A political philosophy or attitude emphasizing respect for traditional institutions, distrust of government activism, and opposition to sudden change in the established order.
Definition: An explanation for an event or situation that invokes a conspiracy by sinister and powerful groups, often political in motivation, when other explanations are more probable.
Definition: Systems, often codified in a written document, which establish the fundamental principles by which political states are governed. Includes the establishment of or revisions and amendments to a constitution as well as debates around and interpretations of constitutions. For the policies, laws and regulations that a political state establishes in adherence with its Constitution, see "Government policy" and "Government laws and regulations".
Definition: The construction of buildings and the design, development, and utilization of machines, materials, instruments, structures, processes, and systems.
Definition: A criminal offense undertaken by a person or an organization in a position of authority for illicit benefit or personal gain. An abuse of power.
Definition: Corruption on the part of athletes, coaches, officials, and governing bodies, often in the form of match fixing or cover-ups of wrong-doing.
Definition: Illegal imitations of goods, documents, personal signatures, or items of value such as currency and works of art, that are made to look authentic for fraudulent purposes.
Definition: Government, intelligence or military measures to minimize or stop terrorist acts and to thwart the groups that perform them. Includes specific tactics and operations undertaken by governments.
Definition: Government bodies with the authority to hear and judge legal disputes. Covers news about the courts themselves including administration, management and personnel.
Definition: The administration, legislation or policies surrounding the system by which penalties are imposed upon criminals for their wrongdoing. For reports of actual punishments handed down, see 'Sentencing.'
Definition: Criminal activity involving the use of a computer network, such as internet scams, cyber attacks, online fraud or sexual- and/or drug-related internet crimes.
Definition: An inherited condition characterized by difficulty breathing due to mucus buildup in the lungs, faulty digestion and excessive loss of salt through perspiration.
Definition: Failures of or breaks in dams or waterway embankments, usually due to age, weather events or erosion, and often resulting in flooding and property damage.
Definition: The behaviors, beliefs, values, shared institutions and traditions of deaf people who communicate via sign language. Sometimes includes hearing people who sign. Includes education, fundraising, technology and activism for the deaf.
Definition: The medical care and concerns surrounding patients at the end of their lives, including palliative care, advance directives and coping with grief.
Definition: The interior and exterior decoration of a residence including furnishings, window treatments, flooring and flowers. Includes how-to advice.
Definition: A form of government where all the state's decisions are exercised directly or indirectly by a majority of its citizenry through a fair elective process.
Definition: A mood disorder characterized by feelings of extreme sadness or hopelessness, a decrease in the desire to be active and involved, sleeping and eating disturbances or suicidal thoughts.
Definition: A method of human expression that follows a highly developed set of principles, practices and procedures in order to plan and execute artifacts, systems or experiences that are functional, decorative or imbued with cultural significance.
Definition: A metabolic disorder characterized by the body's inability to produce enough insulin, or to properly metabolize the insulin that is produced, resulting in abnormally high blood sugar.
Definition: A medical treatment administered to renal disease patients in which a machine is used to replace kidney function by filtering the patients' blood outside of the body.
Definition: The gap between people or communities who have reliable access to the internet and digital information technologies, and those who lack it.
Definition: Technologies designed to enable the owners of digital media content to retain and enforce their copyright control by managing how and when their content can be used by others.
Definition: Negotiations and other strategic interactions between representatives of nations or groups of nations. Includes the progress of talks between diplomats, threats against and kidnappings of diplomats and leaks of diplomatic cables. For structures housing the offices of diplomatic representatives, see "Embassies".
Definition: All issues and narratives pertaining to people with disabilities, such as: the welfare and health of, accessibility and safety in architecture, transportation, and the physical environment; equal opportunities in independent living, employment equity, education, and housing; and freedom from discrimination, abuse, neglect, and from other rights violations.
Definition: The preparation, planning for or response to natural or man-made disasters and emergencies such as flooding, earthquakes, oil spills, terrorist attacks or epidemics. For news about disaster responses by governmental bodies, as well as governmental preparation and disaster funding, see "Emergency management" in the Government and politics vocabulary.
Definition: Course of instruction provided to students who are not physically present in a classroom. Most often refers to Internet-based programs, but may also include correspondence through regular mail.
Definition: The acknowledgement of a wide variety of differences of identity and experience that may exist among people in any setting, the commitment to provide equal opportunities and resources to "level the playing field" for all, and the assurance that all people genuinely feel safe, welcome, and included.
Definition: Legal dissolution of a marriage and any separations of a married couple that may lead to a legal dissolution. Includes all aspects of divorce that intersect with law and rights or which engender social controversy. See "Divorce costs" for personal finance aspects of divorce. See also, "Child custody" and "Child support".
Definition: A congenital disorder caused by an extra chromosome in the genetic makeup and characterized by developmental delays, mental retardation and abnormal facial features.
Definition: A formal set of rules specifying an acceptable manner of dress. Includes dress codes for schools and places of employment, and gender-specific dress codes.
Definition: A government's efforts to launch military attacks or track the actions, behavior and other characteristics of domestic or foreign individuals and groups through the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. Includes specific incidents of the governmental use of drones and controversy, policy, laws and regulations around the use of drones by government for defense purposes. For all types of government surveillance see "Government surveillance".
Definition: Unmanned aerial vehicles, whose flight is controlled remotely by users or autonomously by computers, used for various civilian or military purposes such as photography, product delivery, government surveillance or warfare. For drones in policy or combat contexts, see "Drone surveillance and warfare."
Definition: Prolonged periods of a water shortages or lack of rainfall in a given region, often resulting in loss of crops and livestock, and adversely affecting human populations.
Definition: Illegal organizations formed to promote, produce, control, traffic and distribute illicit narcotics. Includes all activities by and related to these organizations.
Definition: Requests to return to the maker a batch or an entire production run of a pharmaceutical product, usually due to the discovery of safety issues.
Definition: Buying and selling products and services over electronic systems or networks, usually the Internet. Includes e-commerce site profiles, usage statistics and electronic transaction technologies.
Definition: The sciences studying the Earth and its components. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: Significant seismic activity that causes the ground to shake violently, often resulting in evacuations, property damage, injuries and/or casualties.
Definition: A psychological condition characterized by abnormal eating behaviors, such as binging and purging, that have adverse physical and emotional health effects.
Definition: An alignment of two celestial bodies with the sun, such that one body casts a shadow on the other. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: The actions of a national, state or local government to influence its economy. Includes policy creation and implementation of economic policy.
Definition: The processes of teaching and learning in an institutional setting, including all topics related to the establishment and management of educational institutions.
Definition: The process of voting for candidates to hold a public office or to decide on referendum questions and propositions. Includes various types of elections, political campaigns, caucuses, the electoral college, candidate endorsements, political conventions and the voting process itself. For political appointments see "Government appointments and nominations".
Definition: The fraudulent and criminal misappropriation of a company or organization's assets (money or property) by a person or persons entrusted with those assets.
Definition: All of the industries involved in the production and sale of energy, including fuel extraction, manufacturing fuel and refining, and fuel distribution. Modern society consumes large amounts fuel, and the energy industry is a crucial part of the infrastructure and maintenance of society in almost all countries.
Definition: All forms of visual and performing arts, design arts, books and literature, film and television, music, and popular entertainment. Refers primarily to the art and entertainment itself and to those who create, perform, or interpret it. For business contexts, see "Media and entertainment industry".
Definition: Efforts to preserve and renew natural resources to benefit the environment itself and humans. Includes the efforts of individuals and various organizations such as governmental and non-profit groups.
Definition: The study of the interactions among the physical, chemical and biological components of the environment. See also specific types of science in the Science vocabulary.
Definition: The outbreak of a disease, disorder or condition among members of a population, in numbers higher than expected for the given population and within a given period of time.
Definition: A sexual dysfunction characterized by the inability to achieve or sustain penile erection sufficient enough for intercourse or ejaculation.
Definition: The illegal practice of obtaining, without permission, confidential military, political, commercial, or other secret information by means of spies or monitoring devices.
Definition: Evacuations of people or animals away from locations or events deemed dangerous or unsafe due to disasters or emergencies such as chemical leaks, earthquakes, terrorist attacks, fires or flooding.
Definition: Accidental explosions in non-combat environments such as chemical plants, mine shafts, residential or commercial buildings, usually resulting in injury, loss of life or evacuation. For explosions during armed conflicts or wars, see 'Bombings' or 'War and unrest.'
Definition: The process by which a criminal suspect held by one government or state is handed over to another government or state for trial or, if the suspect has already been tried and found guilty, to serve his or her sentence.
Definition: Technologies and software involved in the ability of a computer to recognize and process human facial features for exact identification of a person or to interpret, process and act upon human speech commands.
Definition: Events of celebration often focusing on a particular theme and featuring rides, games, food, music and merchants or craftspeople selling their wares. Includes announcements of and preparations for fairs and festivals.
Definition: The branch of medicine concerned with providing comprehensive and continuing general health care to individuals of all ages, often with emphasis on the family unit.
Definition: Competition in which sports fans act as owners of fictional teams made up of real athletes from a given league. The athletes' real-world statistics are combined to determine each owner's points in the competition.
Definition: The prevailing styles and customs of dress or adornment in a particular time or place, especially as they relate to the end consumer. Includes the latest fashions for women, men, children and pets; fashion shows; fashion magazines and couture. For the design aspects of fashion, see "Fashion design". For the manufacturing of clothing and accessories, see "Textile, apparel and accessories manufacturing".
Definition: A disruption of financial markets in which a restricted flow of credit to households and businesses negatively impacts the real economy of goods and services.
Definition: The industry and related organizations that deal with the management of money. Banks, investment banks, insurance companies, credit card companies, government sponsored enterprises, and stock brokerages, are examples of the types of firms comprising the industry, which provides a variety of money and investment related services.
Definition: Accidental or intentionally set fires occurring in places such as buildings, vehicles or in the wild that result in property damage and/or death or injury. For fire-related criminal activity, see 'Arson.'
Definition: Unforeseen and damaging flooding due to events such as natural disasters, heavy rains, dam or levee breaches or water-main breaks, usually resulting in evacuation, property damage and/or injury or death.
Definition: The preparation and enjoyment of foods and beverages. Includes types of cuisine, cooking, reviews and other information on dining and drinking establishments, food shopping, trends, and chefs. For industry-related articles see "Food, beverage and tobacco production" and "Food services". For the scientific study of food production, see "Food science". For food-related technology see "Agriculture and food technology".
Definition: The measures taken and practices followed to keep foods safe for ingestion by consumers, such as governmental policies and regulations, or personal habits such as washing hands and cooking at the appropriate temperature.
Definition: The scientific study of food production. Includes food safety, preservation, packaging, factory production, and marketing. See "Food and beverage manufacturing" for industry content.
Definition: Technologies and innovations that support the agricultural and food production industries, such as fertilizer or composting technologies, or robot-assisted farming.
Definition: Gridiron football, including American football and Canadian football. See "Soccer" for association football, also called club football and European football. See "Rugby" for rugby football.
Definition: Criminal acts of forcing a person or persons to perform work or services without pay, against their will and often with the threat of violence, punishment or destitution.
Definition: Financial support from one nation to another for general economic development, military or diplomacy purposes. Includes financial or logistical help provided by one country to another that has a specific need caused by poverty, underdevelopment, natural disasters, armed conflicts, etc., as well as decisions to grant or discontinue foreign aid.
Definition: The application of scientific methods and techniques to aid in criminal investigations, such as genetic fingerprinting, ballistics or DNA analysis.
Definition: Horizontal drilling technique for natural gas that blasts chemical-laced water deep underground to break up shale and release natural gas locked in the rock. Includes the environmental aspects of hydraulic fracturing. For all aspects of the natural gas drilling industry, see "Energy industry".
Definition: Freedom to disseminate information about current affairs without interference, censorship, or excessive monitoring from a government or other authority.
Definition: Recreational activities in which money or items of material value is wagered. Includes casinos, lotteries, bingo halls and sports betting, as well as addiction and regulatory issues.
Definition: Electronic systems designated specifically for use with video games, typically including a small computer device and a controller that can be connected to a television for audio and video output.
Definition: Electronic or computerized games played by manipulating images on a video display or television screen. Includes reviews, game announcements and competitions.
Definition: The growing of plants by people as a hobby, for the purpose of aesthetics or food. Includes how-to information for gardeners, gardening equipment, and gardening clubs and shows.
Definition: Social problems, controversies, and debates arising from human gender differences, including gender roles, gender identity, gender disparities, discrimination, and the nature of gender itself. See "Feminism" for the political and social movement advocating equality for women. See "Women's rights" for the rights of women and girls.
Definition: Gender issues in sports ranging from equal opportunities and pay for women in school and professional athletics to the participation of transgender and nonbinary athletes in competition.
Definition: Events and incidents that are covered as they happen and develop, and which do not fit easily into another category. Includes most content about accidents, disasters, war, unrest, crime, legal proceedings, missing persons, bodies found and similar occurrences. The scope of General News is somewhat flexible and may include other types of content that are not easily categorizable.
Definition: Generative artificial intelligence describes a class of algorithms that can be used to create new content, including audio, code, images, text, simulations, and videos.
Definition: The study of genes and their role in inheritance, adaptation, and development in living organisms. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: Navigational systems that use orbiting satellites to pinpoint a location on earth. For the handheld devices that communicate with these satellites, see "GPS devices."
Definition: Outdoor sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible. Inclusive of competitive golf from amateur to professional levels. Does not include recreational or hobby golf.Outdoor sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible. Inclusive of competitive golf from amateur to professional levels. Does not include recreational or hobby golf.
Definition: Acts or instances of appointing someone or submitting a name for candidacy to a non-elective government post or position. For the election of a person to a governmental office see "Elections".
Definition: An overall plan or course of action by a government for achieving its goals and for establishing accepted procedures. Covers various types of policies developed by a government including: defense, economic, education, energy, environmental, foreign, housing, immigration, science and transportation. For the laws and regulations of a government see "Government regulations" and "Laws".
Definition: Services and other activities sponsored or administered by local, state or national governments, usually to meet a social need. Covers administrative and management issues around individual programs.
Definition: Measures taken by a government to influence or control various aspects of society or businesses and the economy. Includes regulations and laws for specific topic areas, laws being the primary legislation and regulations being secondary legislation which provide details on the enforcement of laws. Specific topic areas covered include: alcohol, driving, the environment, gambling, industry, smoking, travel and weapons. For further information on laws, see "Laws". For articles on a goverment's overall plan and course of action for achieving its goals, see "Government policy".
Definition: A government's efforts to track the actions, behavior and other characteristics of domestic or foreign individuals and groups. Usually for national security purposes. Includes specific incidents of surveillance and debate, controversy, laws and regulations around surveillance. For the surveillance systems industry see "Surveillance systems manufacturing" in the Business vocabulary.
Definition: Activities, strategies, and inventions that allow individuals or businesses to use less energy, save resources, and have less impact on the environment.
Definition: Technologies that support the sustainability of the environment or which mitigate the effects of pollutants on the environment. Includes development and implementation of the technologies as well as issues and controversies the technologies give rise to.
Definition: Regulation of the use, sale and ownership of guns. Includes legislative action, political debate, and general discussion of the role of government in regulating guns.
Definition: Attacking or breaking into computer networks, usually with the aid of advanced computer code, often in order to gain access to unauthorized data or to plant malicious software.
Definition: Crimes motivated by the actual or perceived membership of the victim in a particular social group, such as those defined by race, ethnicity, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or disability.
Definition: Condition, care, and treatment of the mind and body. Includes diseases, illnesses, injuries, medicine, medical procedures, preventive care, health services, and public health issues.
Definition: The industry that focuses on the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical and allied health professions.
Definition: Inequality and gaps in the access to and quality of medical care available to people based on race, ethnicity, sexual orientation or socioeconomic status.
Definition: The complete or partial loss of the sense of hearing, either congenitally or due to illness or injury. For the deaf as a population group and society, see "Deaf culture."
Definition: Criminal acts of forcefully seizing a vehicle, such as an aircraft or ship, for purposes of robbery, terrorism or diverting it to a different location for nefarious reasons. Includes carjacking.
Definition: People in the United States with origins in Spanish-speaking countries, especially those of Latin America. Includes the lives and activities of Hispanics, and issues pertaining to or of particular interest to Hispanics.
Definition: Consumer purchase of goods and services for holiday gift-giving, decorating and entertaining. Includes gift ideas, holiday shopping trends and events.
Definition: Equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses each guided by a human over a set distance for competition. Inclusive of flat track racing, harness racing and steeplechase.
Definition: Programs that provide palliative care and attend to the emotional and spiritual needs of terminally ill patients, either at an inpatient facility or at the patient's home.
Definition: A variety of service industries that receive a customer to service them with that of traditional "hospitality", such as providing them food and beverages, or provision of a room and bed to sleep.
Definition: Crisis situations during which terrorists or criminals hold a person or a group captive, holding off authorities or rescuers by force, and often making demands and threatening to harm or kill the captives.
Definition: The individual rights and freedoms to which humans are entitled, including rights granted by citizenship and protected by law, or rights conferred simply by virtue of being human. Also includes the debate over what these rights ought to be.
Definition: The forceful recruitment, transportation and/or harboring of people for purposes of exploitation, such as prostitution, child soldiering or forced labor.
Definition: Events in which populations or communities of people are under great threat to their safety, health or security as a result of natural disasters, pandemics, famine, armed conflicts or other large-scale emergencies.
Definition: Formed between October 22nd and October 31st 2012, Hurricane Sandy reached Category 3 intensity, and affected the Greater Antilles, the eastern seaboard of the United States as well as several inland states, and Eastern Canada. The storm caused over 150 fatalities throughout the region, along with widespread power outages, flooding and damage. It was the second-costliest storm in United States history.
Definition: Criminal acts of stealing a person's personal and confidential information and assuming that person's identity in order to open financial accounts, make purchases or conduct other transactions illegally.
Definition: Movement of people from one country to another on a temporary or permanent basis. Includes policy, statistics, and all issues related to illegal immigration.
Definition: Treatments administered that act to inoculate a person's immune system against specific pathogens, in order to prevent contagion of certain communicable diseases.
Definition: Formal charges of illegal activity against a high official of government which can result in punishment such as removal from office. Includes efforts to impeach an official as well as actual instances of impeachment. For official rebukes by governmental bodies of one or more of their members, see "Censures".
Definition: Formal ceremonies marking the induction of an elected official into office. Covers preparations for the ceremony as well as information on what occurred at the ceremony.
Definition: Distinct social and cultural groups that share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live, occupy or from which they have been displaced. Includes the lives and activities of indigenous people and issues pertaining to or of particular interest to them.
Definition: Measures taken by a government to influence or control the activities of businesses. Includes the creation, enforcement and violations of industry regulation.
Definition: A medical condition of both men and women characterized by the inability to conceive a child after attempting to for a significant period of time (usually a year).
Definition: Measures taken to achieve and maintain a secure computing environment or network, keeping data safe from vulnerabilities such as hacking or computer viruses. See also "Identity theft".
Definition: The study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, including software applications and computer hardware. IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information.
Definition: Any intangible asset that is a product of human intellect and creativity. Examples include software, literary and art work, music, invention, etc.
Definition: Formal statements of agreement between two nations or among groups of nations. Includes negotiations leading up to the agreements, agreement announcements and the impacts of the agreements. For collaboration among nations situated in a common geographical area, see also"Regional cooperation".
Definition: The ability of users to connect to the Internet, as well as the means by which they do so. Includes various forms of connectivity such as Wi-fi, broadband and dial-up, and the availability of Internet connection in specific locations.
Definition: On 7 October 2023, Palestinian militant groups led by Hamas launched a large-scale invasion and offensive against Israel from the Gaza Strip, breaking through the Gaza–Israel barrier and forcing entry via the Gaza border crossings, into nearby settlements in Israel and military installations.
Definition: Investigation, collection, and dissemination news about current events to the general public. Includes news about the profession, its standards, and code of ethics. See "Journalists" for content focusing on individuals involved in journalism. See "Media industry", "News agencies", and "Newspaper and magazine publishing" for industry content.
Definition: Formal activities involving the panel of persons selected to decide the verdict of a criminal or civil trial, such as the selection process, deliberations or handing down of the verdict.
Definition: The administration, policies or operations of penal systems for juvenile offenders including incarceration, rehabilitation, probation, and parole.
Definition: Criminal acts of abducting a victim and holding him or her captive, usually for the perpetrator's monetary or personal gain (when demanding a ransom) or for the purposes of violence or sexual abuse against the abductee. For political hostages, see 'Hostage situations.'
Definition: Victim-triggered explosive devices buried just below the surface of the ground during times of armed conflict (but which remain post-conflict, putting civilians in danger). Includes incidents involving these devices as well as policies surrounding their existence and removal.
Definition: Abrupt slides of mud, rock or soil down the face of a hill or mountain, often triggered by severe weather events, and at times resulting in death of or harm to people, animals or objects in their path.
Definition: Academic, political, and social aspects of language, linguistics, dialect, and etymology. Includes all legal, civil rights, demographic, and socially controversial aspects of language. See "Language education" for curricula and methods for teaching foreign languages.
Definition: General-purpose computers intended for use by individuals at home, school or work, which are small enough to carry and hold in one's lap. Includes product reviews and advances in laptop technology.
Definition: The activities, processes and institutions involved in the enforcement and interpretation of civil or international law, including court proceedings, police, and criminal punishment.
Definition: Government agencies that ensure compliance with laws, such as police, sheriff's departments and federal bureaus and agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Drug Enforcement Administration. Includes news about the agencies themselves. For specific instances of law enforcement, see "Law and order".
Definition: Legal actions formally filed with a court of law, and all activities related to these actions, whereby one party accuses another of civil wrongdoing and seeks reparations.
Definition: The range of activities undertaken by courts and officers of the law when a party has been officially accused of crime or wrongdoing; including jury selection, trials, legal hearings, sentencing, and lawsuits.
Definition: Laws and the process of making and enacting laws. Includes hearings on legislation proposals, legislative voting on proposals and the impacts of enacted laws.
Definition: A political philosophy or attitude founded on the natural goodness of humans and the autonomy of the individual and favoring civil and political liberties, government by law with the consent of the governed, and protection from arbitrary authority.
Definition: The way a person lives, including interests, attitudes, personal and domestic style, values, relationships, hobbies, recreation, travel, personal care and grooming, and day-to-day activities.
Definition: Efforts by advocacy groups, constituents and other individuals to influence how a legislator will vote on a piece of legislation. Includes specific instances of and legal and ethical issues around lobbying.
Definition: A chronic, systemic autoimmune disease often characterized by inflammation and damage to organs, joints, tendons and other connective tissues, as well as by skin lesions.
Definition: Acts of criminal negligence or malfeasance, either accidental or intentional, conducted by professionals such as lawyers or doctors, resulting in damages or injury to an individual.
Definition: Software designed to secretly infiltrate a computer or computer system with the intent of causing data damage, corrupting program function or otherwise harming the computer. Includes reports of new viruses, worms or trojans, as well as measures to take in order to avoid them. For computer viruses and worms specifically, see "Computer viruses and worms;" for spyware specifically, see "Spyware" and for anti-malware measures see "Anti-virus software."
Definition: A company's efforts to market its products and services to increase sales. Market research, advertising campaigns, sales and marketing departments.
Definition: Municipal or regional public shared transportation such as buses, streetcars and ferries, including rapid transit such as subways and surface light rail systems, open to all on a nonreserved basis.
Definition: Technologies related to the innovative use of materials and the development of new materials (such as polymers) in the fields of science, engineering or industry.
Definition: The study of space, time, change, and other phenomena through measurement, reason, and deduction. Mathematicians use a symbolic notation consisting of numbers, letters, and other symbols to communicate. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: The systems that gather, store and distribute information, especially as a means of mass communication. Includes print, broadcast, and online distribution channels, and everything pertaining to news media and journalism. This category refers more to the act of communication itself -- the activities, technologies, and issues surrounding the mass distribution of information -- than to the actual content. When talking about a particular movie, radio, or television program, for instance, "Entertainment" will often be a more appropriate category.
Definition: Data regarding the total audience or user traffic of a radio or television program or network or a website and their relative performance against concurrent or related media properties.
Definition: Instruments, apparati or other physical items used in medical assistance or treatment, either externally or implanted, such as pacemakers, glucose meters, or stents.
Definition: Technological devices and instruments used for medical diagnostic purposes, such as endoscopes, MRI or CT scanners, or ultrasound machines.
Definition: A relaxation technique in which one focuses on a word, phrase or subject to the exclusion of other thoughts. Includes how-to advice, classes and other scheduled events.
Definition: Health issues of particular interest to men, such as vasectomy, prostate cancer or erectile dysfunction, as well as the achievement and maintenance of male health and well-being.
Definition: The period of natural cessation of a woman's menstruation and fertility, usually occurring between the ages of 45 and 55, with symptoms such as hot flashes, fatigue, sleep disturbances and mood changes.
Definition: The achievement and maintenance of emotional and psychological well-being, sometimes marked by absence of mental disorders such as depression, schizophrenia or personality disorders.
Definition: Corporate actions involving one or more of the following: acquiring control of a corporation by stock purchase or exchange; combining two or more corporate entities into one; obtaining control of a corporation against the wishes of the corporation's management or board of directors.
Definition: The surveying, extraction, processing and synthesis of metals and minerals to be used as construction materials, retail products or precious gems.
Definition: Rocky or metallic interplanetary debris that are smaller than asteroids. When these objects impact Earth's atmosphere, they often create visible trails commonly called shooting stars. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: The segments of a government responsible for defending the country, often by the authorized use of force. Includes the leadership, management and administrative aspects of the armed forces and its associated weaponry, defense policy, defense appropriations, defense contracts, military intelligence, military legal affairs and military correctional systems. For specific military actions and incidents of warfare, see "War and unrest".
Definition: Events in which a hostile military group forcibly takes control of the territory of another state, but without the intent to permanently acquire or annex that territory.
Definition: Technologies and innovations that support and are involved in military training and operations, such as combat robotics or unmanned drones.
Definition: Refers to false information shared about a particular topic that could be mistaken as truth. It can include honest mistakes, exaggerations, and misunderstandings of facts, as well as disinformation, which refers to misinformation created and spread intentionally as a way to mislead or confuse.
Definition: Reports of or policies regarding members of the armed services whose fate and location remains unknown at the end of a military combat mission or war.
Definition: Alerts issued, searches conducted or findings declared regarding persons whose whereabouts are unknown and who may be in danger or at risk of being harmed or killed.
Definition: Software systems and applications built for any mobile device such as handheld computers, smartphones or cellphones. Includes mobile applications and operating systems.
Definition: Portable handheld telecommunication devices that function over land-based wireless networks, used for making phone calls, text messaging or sending data. Includes product reviews, reports on mobile phone usage, rules and etiquette. For phones with more features, see "Smartphones."
Definition: The illegal activity of purposely concealing, disguising or transforming the origins of large sums of money obtained through criminal means (such as drug trafficking or theft), so that they appear legitimately acquired.
Definition: Government regulation intended to maintain competitive market structures and unfair trade practices by limiting restraints on competition such as limited competition, collusive price-fixing and vertical restraints. Anti-competitive behavior and unfair business practices.
Definition: Seasonal wind systems that are accompanied by either heavy rains or very dry weather, usually lasting months, and potentially causing flooding and/or droughts.
Definition: Monkeypox is an infectious viral disease that can occur in humans and some other animals. Symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that forms blisters and then crusts over.
Definition: A chronic degenerative disease of the brain and spinal cord, thought to be autoimmune, characterized by symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, visual and speech problems, impaired coordination and mobility, and physical disability.
Definition: Music and musical performance. Includes reviews, concert information, interviews with musicians, film scores and soundtracks, and the lives of musicians in relation to their music.
Definition: The financial obligations of a country's government based on its total outstanding borrowings. Includes efforts to reduce the national debt.
Definition: Maintenance of the continued safe existence of a nation. Includes action by a government and its military to promote national security and factors impacting national security.
Definition: The belief that nations will benefit from acting independently rather than collectively, emphasizing national rather than international goals.
Definition: Catastrophic natural events such as hurricanes, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions or avalanches that result in property damage and/or injury or loss of life.
Definition: Physical characteristics of the environment that were either created naturally or are man-made. Includes articles on the impacts of these formations on the natural world and humans as well as the impact of the natural world and humans on these formations. For the scientific aspects of these features, see also various terms under "Earth science".
Definition: The principle advocating lack of governmental or service provider restrictions on consumer access to content, platforms or sites on the internet.
Definition: Organizations and individuals dedicated to disseminating information about current events to the general public. See "Media industry", "News agencies", and "Newspaper and magazine publishing" for industry content. See "Media industry regulation" for efforts by a government to control or influence the media industry.
Definition: Highly destructive explosive devices or other weapons that release energy created by a nuclear reaction, generally causing mass casualties, property loss and environmental harm.
Definition: The services performed by licensed nurses and nurse practitioners in health facilities or at home, such as providing physical and emotional care to patients or administering treatments prescribed by physicians.
Definition: Long-term care living facilities that provide 24-hour nursing care and medical assistance to elderly, disabled or chronically ill patients.
Definition: A condition characterized by the excessive accumulation and storage of body fat, measured by a Body Mass Index of 30 or greater, which has adverse effects on health.
Definition: A psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent, recurrent and obsessive thoughts accompanied by repetitive, ritualistic compulsive actions.
Definition: The study of oceans, including the properties of seawater, currents, tides, ocean floors, coasts, and marine biology. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: The safety and security of internet users, especially children and teens, and of their personal data, from threats such as sexual predators or scammers.
Definition: Surgical procedures in which the diseased or malfunctioning organ of a patient is replaced by a healthy organ from a living or deceased donor.
Definition: Criminal associations, often with highly organized hierarchical power structures, such as drug cartels or mafias, whose income derives from criminal activity such as theft, fraud, kidnapping for ransom or trade in illegal goods and services.
Definition: A bone disease characterized by the decrease in bone mass and density, leading to brittleness and increased risk of fracture, most often affecting postmenopausal women.
Definition: Medical interventions to alleviate or reduce pain caused by injury, chronic illness, or surgery, utilizing methods such as medication, physical therapies and/or mental health counseling.
Definition: Two-dimensional art using wet media and applied with a brush. Includes artist profiles, commentary, exhibits, sales or auctions of the art, acquisitions by museums or other institutions, awards, and education for artists. See "Drawing" for two-dimensional art in pencil, pen and ink, pastels, chalk, charcoal, marker, or other media not applied with a brush.
Definition: The study of life during prehistoric times, including the search for fossils and other evidence of extinct life forms and evolutionary developments. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: The spreading of a particular infectious disease over a very wide area, surpassing its endemic habitat, usually crossing international boundaries, and often causing deaths on a large scale.
Definition: Caring for a child's emotional, physical, social and intellectual needs from infancy to adulthood. Includes parenting skills, tips, how-to advice and child discipline.
Definition: Animals kept for amusement or companionship. Covers information useful to pet owners such as care, costs, fashion and travel as well as articles on distinctive kinds of pets such as designer breeds and exotic pets. See also "Dogs" and "Cats".
Definition: Internet scams that aim to deceive the victim into revealing personal information, such as credit card or social security numbers, for fraudulent use by the perpetrator.
Definition: Photography as an art form. Includes artist profiles, commentary, exhibits, sales or auctions of the art, acquisitions by museums or other institutions, awards, and education for artists. See "News media" for photojournalism content.
Definition: The achievement and maintenance of good physical health, especially as it pertains to prevention or management of disease. For fitness topics in the lifestyle context, see "Exercise" and its sub-categories.
Definition: Rehabilitative therapies aimed at treating physical injuries or dysfunctions using methods such as exercise, repetitive motions or massage.
Definition: The study of the properties of matter, particularly its movement, structure, and interaction with energy. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: Unforeseen and accidental collisions or crashes involving flying vessels such as commercial jets, private planes or military aircraft, often resulting in death or injury.
Definition: Celestial objects orbiting stars with sufficient gravity to form into spheres and clear their orbits of other debris, but not to cause thermonuclear fusion. The exact definition of a planet, adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 2006, is controversial. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public. See "Dwarf planets" for Pluto and other celestial bodies excluded by the IAU's 2006 definition. See "Extrasolar planets" for planets orbiting stars other than the Sun.
Definition: Plants, their effects on the environment, and how they are impacted by the environment and humans. Includes trees, flowers and aquatic plants among others. For the scientific study of plants, see "Botany," and for plants in terms of gardening, see "Gardening".
Definition: Episodic audio or video content produced by organizations or individuals for dissemination over the Internet to personal media devices or computers.
Definition: Any use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks or threats by police or other law enforcement officers, which exceeds what is reasonably necessary to accomplish a lawful police activity.
Definition: Legislative efforts to address, regulate, and provide oversight of police misconduct, including excessive use of force, issues of race and profiling, and abusive handling of the mentally ill.
Definition: Independent organizations of business, labor or other special interest groups that raise money and make contributions to the campaigns of political candidates. Includes donations made by and illegal or unethical activities of political action committees.
Definition: Peaceful or violent public disturbances or disorder (such as riots, sit-ins, rallies or hunger strikes) caused by an organized or non-organized group, often in protest against the actions or policies of a government, corporation, or other organization.
Definition: Public declarations of an individual's or group's support of a candidate for public office. Includes announcements of official endorsements.
Definition: The activities and functions of a governing body, the administration of its internal and external affairs, and the political issues that governments confront. Includes governance of political entities at all levels (country, state, city, etc.), and all government branches (executive, judicial, legislative, military, law enforcement). Also includes international governing bodies such as the UN.
Definition: Sexually explicit media. Focuses on the social impact of pornography, laws, statistics, prevention, advocacy and resources for performers. See "Child pornography" for criminal cases and trials. See "Adult entertainment" for sexually explicit performance, including burlesque.
Definition: A severe anxiety disorder caused by experiencing a traumatic event such as combat or a violent attack, characterized by symptoms such as depression, nightmares or flashbacks, anxiety, social avoidance or sleep disturbances.
Definition: The period during which a developing fetus is carried within the uterus, as well as the period including and immediately following birth, and the various health concerns that arise during these periods.
Definition: Agreements between opposing sides of a war or other hostile conflict to release prisoners, such as hostages, spies or POWs, to one another under specific terms.
Definition: The administration, operations, legislation or policies surrounding prison systems and inmate populations, or studies conducted regarding prison systems.
Definition: The individual's right not to be subjected to unsanctioned invasions of themselves or information about themselves by the government, corporations, or other individuals.
Definition: A corporation's facilities necessary to produce its products - plants, warehouses, bakeries, refineries, mines, bottling facilities, wells, etc.
Definition: Services such as accounting, architecture and design, commercial printing, educational services, legal services, real estate services and staffing services.
Definition: Artificial devices used to replace missing or damaged body parts, such as limbs, teeth, eyes, or heart valves, as well as the technologies involved in these devices.
Definition: Performance of sex acts for money. Focuses on the social impact of prostitution, laws, statistics, prevention, and advocacy and resources for sex workers. See "Child pornography" and "Human trafficking" for criminal cases and trials.
Definition: Public displays of group or individual support of a political or social cause, usually organized, and often in opposition to the actions or policies of a government, corporation, or other organization.
Definition: Therapeutic treatment of mental, behavioral or emotional disorders, such as depression or anxiety, by means of verbal counseling sessions, one-on-one or in small groups.
Definition: The medical field concerned with protecting, promoting and improving the health of a community as a whole, through efforts such as disease prevention, health education, food safety or environmental health measures.
Definition: Radio, television and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service. Content is produced and transmitted by not-for-profit organizations that fund their operations with the support of government grants and individual donations, rather than through the sale of advertising.
Definition: Aggregate opinions of the general public on politics and topics of social controversy, usually extrapolated from polls of randomly-selected people. Includes results of such polling and analysis of society based on it.
Definition: The cultural heritage and identity of racial and ethnic groups and communities, as well as the social problems, controversies, and debates arising from racial and ethnic differences, including affirmative action, racial disparities and discrimination. See "African-Americans", "Hispanics", and "Native Americans" for content focused on those groups specifically. See "Ethnic conflicts" for armed or unarmed conflicts between two or more ethnic groups.
Definition: Racquet sport played in a walled-in court by two to four competitors. Racquetball is similar to squash, but uses a shorter racquet, a larger ball, different scoring rules, and a different court layout where more surfaces, including the ceiling, are in play.
Definition: Audio content, created for purposes of entertainment or education, and broadcast or distributed online. Includes music, sports, and talk programming.
Definition: Organized opposition to a government or other ruling authority, often but not necessarily violent. Includes events characterized as revolutions, revolts, and resistance movements, and describes a relatively large-scale and sustained effort. For smaller-scale events, consider "Political and civil unrest" or one of its narrower terms.
Definition: The process through which elected officials can be removed from office by a direct vote before the end of their term. Includes steps in the actual recalls of officials as well as preparations for and results of the elections.
Definition: Recessions are typically two or more straight quarters of economic decline. Depressions are periods of negative economic growth that are more severe than recessions in terms of magnitude and/or length.
Definition: All topics related to religion and its place in society, particularly socially and politically controversial topics. See terms for individual belief systems for their activities at all levels of organization.
Definition: The retail industry is the sale of goods or commodities in small quantities directly to consumers. The wholesale industry is the sale of goods in large quantities, as for resale by a retailer.
Definition: Violent, disorganized instances of civil disorder by a large number of people, often involving vandalism, usually as an expression of dissent or in response to a perceived or actual grievance.
Definition: The maintenance and enforcement of safety of, as well as the potential hazards encountered by, drivers and passengers on roads, streets, highways or freeways used by vehicles.
Definition: The technologies involved in the design and function of robots in various applications, from household use to medical or military robotics.
Definition: Elections held after no single candidate receives the majority of the votes in the initial round. Usually held between the top two candidates. Includes run-off election campaigns, laws and voting.
Definition: Russian campaign against Ukraine begun in March 2021 after Russia's recognition of the separatist self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic. Continued with a prolonged military buildup on Ukraine's borders and escalated with an invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Definition: A psychotic disorder characterized by symptoms such as disassociation with one's surroundings, social withdrawal, delusions and hallucinations.
Definition: The ongoing discovery and increase of human knowledge through systematic and disciplined experimentation, and the body of knowledge thus obtained. Includes all branches of natural and social sciences, scientific issues and controversies, space exploration, and similar topics. May include some aspects of "applied science", but for content about inventions, computers, engineering, etc., Technology is often a more appropriate category.
Definition: Genres of speculative storytelling, in literature, film, television and other media, set in a fictional universe that may involve magic or futuristic concepts.
Definition: People who have reached an advanced age, and are seen as belonging to an older demographic within their societies. Includes the lives and activities of seniors, and issues pertaining to or of particular interest to seniors. Also see "Seniors' health".
Definition: The achievement and maintenance of the health and well-being of older adults (often 65 years old or older), as well as health issues of particular interest to seniors, such as Alzheimer's disease, the health effects of aging, or osteoporosis.
Definition: The criminal slayings of at least three victims committed by the same individual in a serial manner, with intervals in between each killing.
Definition: Human sexual activity as viewed by -- and affected by -- the larger society. Sex as a social issue. See "Sexual assault" and "Sexual abuse" for criminal cases and trials. See "Sexual health" for health and medical content.
Definition: The administration, legislation or policies surrounding the system that requires convicted sex offenders to register their residential and employment addresses. For specific reports of crimes, see 'Sexual assault', 'Sexual abuse', 'Child abuse' or 'Child sexual exploitation.'
Definition: Illegal sexual conduct against a person or persons, such as molestation, incest, or unwanted touching, that can occur repeatedly over long periods of time. For more immediate and violent acts of sexual abuse, see 'Sexual assault.' For abuse directed specifically at children, see 'Child abuse.'
Definition: Criminal acts of inflicting physical sexual violence, such as rape, forced penetration or sexual torture, on another person or persons. These acts are usually immediate, of short duration or infrequent; for sexual misconduct of a more suggestive nature or which happens over long periods of time, see 'Sexual abuse.' For sexual assault specifically of minors, see 'Child sexual exploitation.'
Definition: The achievement and maintenance of healthy human sexuality in all stages of life, including the practice of safe sex, healthy sexual function and good mental health regarding sexuality.
Definition: Behaviors used to obtain sexual gratification against another’s will or at the expense of another. Conduct of a sexual nature that is without consent, or has the effect of threatening, intimidating, coercing or manipulating the person against whom such conduct is directed. This includes unwanted advances in the workplace, particularly when employment, salary, or rank are controlled by the abuser. See "Sexual assault" and "Sexual abuse" for criminal cases and trials.
Definition: Yearly shareholder meetings, usually held at the end of a fiscal year, where the previous year's performance is discussed and new directors are elected by common shareholders.
Definition: A hereditary blood disorder, primarily affecting people of African descent, characterized by sickle-shaped red blood cells that cause severe anemia, joint pain and frequent infections.
Definition: Ski jumping from a snow-covered ramp at the professional or amateur level. See "Water skiing and wakeboarding" for all water skiing content.
Definition: Competitive snow skiing at the professional or amateur level. See "Recreational skiing" for non-competitive skiing. See "Water skiing and wakeboarding" for all water skiing content.
Definition: The recreational activity of jumping from an airplane and deploying a parachute. Includes charity skydives; guides on where one can skydive; and notable skydives, such as for a milestone birthday.
Definition: Human bondage, in which people are treated as property and forced to work for little or no pay. Victims may also be victims of human trafficking. Focuses on the social impact of such abuse, laws, statistics, prevention, advocacy and resources for victims, and rehabilitation of both victims and abusers. See "Forced labor" and "Human trafficking" for criminal cases and trials.
Definition: Activities and issues pertaining to independently-owned businesses with a small number of employees. The legal definition varies by country and industry, but generally means fewer than 200 employees for non-manufacturing industries in the US, and usually much smaller.
Definition: Technologies and innovations, such as "smart" appliances or robotic vacuum cleaners, that automate or facilitate domestic activities and chores.
Definition: The governmental policies and regulations, as well as personal habits and behaviors pertaining to smoking as it relates to individual and public health.
Definition: Competitive snowboarding at the professional or amateur level, including slalom, half-pipe, and snowboard cross. See "Recreational snowboarding" for non-competitive snowboarding.
Definition: Association football, also called club football and European football. Does not include recreational or hobby soccer. See "Football" for gridiron football, including American football and Canadian football.
Definition: Unforeseen negative incidents occurring in space or involving space vessels, such as space shuttle accidents, satellite collisions or space equipment malfunctions.
Definition: Exploration and observation of space beyond Earth's atmosphere through manned and unmanned missions. See "Space industry" for industry content. See also, "Astronomy".
Definition: The technology, design and engineering of spacecraft and their propulsion systems. Includes manned and unmanned space vehicles, space launch systems and jet propulsion technologies. For news about launches of space vehicles, see "Space launches".
Definition: Treatments and therapies aimed at improving congenital or acquired speech and language disorders, such as stammering, language delays or apraxia.
Definition: Discovering and connecting to the essence of one's being and to something bigger than one's self. Activities undertaken in pursuit of the aforementioned including advice, conferences, classes, workshops, discussion groups, readings, practices such as yoga and meditation and travel to spiritual locations around the world. For the enhancement of one's physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well-being, see "Self- improvement".
Definition: Sport Climbing is a form of rock climbing utilizing a crash pad at the base or a set or pre-placed anchors that go up the rock face. For competitions there are three categories, lead climbing, speed climbing and bouldering.
Definition: Organized competitive activities, usually physical in nature, and the systems and practices that support them. Includes all team and individual sports at all levels. Also includes sports media, business, equipment, issues, and controversies.
Definition: Transactions involving professional sports players and personnel. Includes trades, free agent signings, drafted player signings, releases of players, hiring and firing of coaches, and movement of players between the major and minor leagues.
Definition: Competitive water sport born from surfing in which paddleboarders stand on boards that are float on the water and use a paddle to propel themselves through the water.
Definition: Luminous celestial bodies producing energy through thermonuclear fusion. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: Research conducted into the unspecialized master cells that have the ability to renew and differentiate themselves, becoming specialized cells that have the potential to constitute various treatments and therapies for illnesses. For the controversy surrounding this research, see "Stem cell research controversy."
Definition: Disturbances in the earth's atmosphere that cause adverse or severe weather conditions on the earth's surface, usually consisting of strong winds, rain, snow, lightning or hail.
Definition: Technology that allows audio or video content to be played on a computer or device as it is being downloaded, as opposed to waiting until a download has finished.
Definition: A natural state of mental tension in response to adverse external conditions, which can have harmful health effects if triggered in excess and not adequately managed. For methods of managing stress, see "Stress management".
Definition: Organized stoppages of work by employees, often at the direction of a labor union, in order to pressure employers into granting concessions or improving labor practices.
Definition: The sudden loss of blood supply to the brain caused by arterial rupture or obstruction, causing loss of consciousness, sensation or mobility, or death.
Definition: Government incentive is a form of financial aid or support extended to an economic sector generally with the aim of promoting economic and social policy.
Definition: Reports of individuals intentionally ending their own lives. For suicide as a mental health issue, see "Suicide prevention," or for suicide as euthanasia, see "Assisted suicide."
Definition: Technological applications using specialized computers that have the greatest available processing power, usually for highly specialized high-volume scientific or industrial computations.
Definition: Medical procedures involving major incisions to remove diseased tissue, repair damaged tissue, or examine tissue to determine what type of disease is present.
Definition: Permanent marks or designs made on the skin by ingraining an indelible pigment, and body piercing. Includes health concerns related to body modification, as well as body modification parlors, trends and festivals.
Definition: A compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services and transactions.
Definition: The process of instructing students in academic subjects. Includes teacher qualifications and certification, hiring and firing of teachers, labor negotiations, teachers' salaries, evaluations of teachers' performance, and other topics related to the profession of teaching.
Definition: Tools, machines, systems or techniques, especially those derived from scientific knowledge and often electronic or digital in nature, for implementation in industry and/or everyday human activities. Includes all types of technological innovations and products, such as computers, communication and entertainment devices, software, industrial advancements, and the issues and controversies that technology gives rise to.
Definition: People between the ages of 13 and 19. More generally, the term may refer to people in the transitional stage of physical and psychological development that occurs between puberty and adulthood, which often corresponds to the age of majority.
Definition: Video content created for purposes of entertainment or education and either broadcast directly to consumers or distributed via cable, satellite, or the internet. Programs are generally episodic and shown on an announced schedule.
Definition: Racket sport, played either individually against a single opponent or between two teams of two players each, in which a ball is hit back and forth over a net. Inclusive of competitive tennis from amateur to professional levels. Does not include recreational tennis or similar sports played with a paddle instead of a racket.
Definition: Disagreements between two or more geopolitical entities regarding the control or possession of a specific territory, and the conflicts that arise as a result of these disagreements.
Definition: Acts of violence with the intent to intimidate or cause fear, usually committed against civilian populations, but with political intent. Most often used to describe the acts of non-government, non-military groups or individuals, with ideological motivations.
Definition: Live dramatic performance created collaboratively by a group of artists. Includes musicals and plays performed in purpose-built venues or other spaces. Also see "Dance", "Opera", "Puppetry", and "Stagecraft".
Definition: Criminal acts such as shoplifting, looting, or larceny in which a person's, establishment's or organization's property is taken without consent.
Definition: Organizations dedicated to research in particular subject areas and giving advice to governments and political parties. Includes the findings of research conducted by think tanks.
Definition: Large rotating columns of air with destructive wind speeds that move across land, usually causing injuries, death, or significant property damage.
Definition: Acts of intentionally inflicting pain or suffering on a person, usually illegally, and often in order to secure information or a confession. For torture in the context of prisoner rights, politics and social issues, see "Torture and interrogation tactics."
Definition: The movement of people, and especially vehicles, along roads or other transportation routes. Includes incidents of traffic problems and efforts to improve or reduce traffic flow.
Definition: The movement of people and goods from one place to another by means of vehicles, road and rail networks, and other infrastructure. Includes transportation safety efforts and issues, and transportation disruptions and difficulties. For business and industry contexts, see "Transportation and shipping," or for personal travel, see "Travel and tourism".
Definition: The movement of products from a source, such as a plant, factory, or workshop, to a destination, such as a warehouse, customer, or retail store.
Definition: Technologies and innovations that support and are involved in the transportation industry, such as traffic-flow engineering or railway technologies.
Definition: Taking trips and going on journeys, whether for recreation or necessity. Includes discussion of destinations, modes of travel, planning, vacations, lodging, budgets and spending, places to see, travel safety, trends, and tips.
Definition: Formal examinations and determinations of facts based upon evidence in a court of law, in order to determine the outcome of specified claims or charges, and any activities related to these examinations such as opening arguments, witness testimony, or jury decisions.
Definition: A series of very high and powerful ocean waves caused by seismic activity such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions; when these waves hit land, massive property damage, injury and loss of life often results.
Definition: An abnormal mass of tissue that can be either benign or malignant, often associated with cancer, arising from uncontrolled and progressive cell growth.
Definition: The production and distribution of agricultural products in and near cities close to where it is sold, thereby reducing transportation energy consumption and pollution.
Definition: Government efforts to design or influence the future physical configuration of a city. Covers the work of city planning boards, directors, commissions and commissioners. For the rehabilitation of urban areas through renovating or replacing existing dilapidated buildings see "Urban renewal".
Definition: Companies that provide energy products, including crude oil, natural gas, and refined petroleum; utility services, including the generation of electricity, the transmission and distribution of electricity, natural gas, and water; and/or the marketing and trading of energy commodities.
Definition: The governmental policies and regulations, as well as personal habits and behaviors pertaining to vaping and e-cigarettes as it relates to individual and public health.
Definition: Retired or discharged members of armed forces. Includes the lives and activities of veterans, and issues pertaining to or of particular interest to veterans.
Definition: Physical force used to harm or coerce others. Focuses on the social impact of violence, laws, statistics, prevention, advocacy and resources for victims, and rehabilitation of both victims and perpetrators. See "Violent crime" for criminal cases and trials.
Definition: The study of viruses. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.
Definition: Technologies involved in computer-generated visual and sensory environments that humans can interact with and control, using special tools such as goggles or fiber-optic gloves.
Definition: Violent rupture and spewing of lava, ash, rock and/or gases from a volcano or volcanic fissure, often resulting in property damage, injury or loss of life. For scientific content about volcanoes, see "Vulcanology."
Definition: Casting a ballot in a formalized public election. Includes voting on candidates for political office as well as on referendums. Covers issues such as absentee voting, electronic voting, exit polls, voter registration and voting fraud.
Definition: A usually prolonged state of armed conflict between geopolitical entities (nations or states) or between factions or groups within a geopolitical entity. May be declared or undeclared. Includes specific events of war such as battles, occupations, and deployments, as well as general discussions of war and related topics. For violent disruptions that do not rise to the level of "war", consider 'Political and civil unrest' or one of its narrower terms.
Definition: Violations of the conventions of war committed during wartime, such as genocide, mistreatment of prisoners, or looting of occupied territories.
Definition: Management of the collection, recovery and disposal of wastes, including options for waste reduction. Covers the environmental aspects of solid waste and wastewater. For the business of waste management, see "Waste management services".
Definition: The spread of or efforts to limit the spread of weapons and technology or information that can be used to create weapons. Includes efforts by governments or other political organizations to acquire or increase their stockpiles of weapons. Also, includes negotiations among governments to reduce or prevent the growth of stockpiles of weapons.
Definition: Accessories and gadgets meant to be worn on the body that contain small-scale computers and electronic technologies, such as Google Glass and smart wristwatches. For various fabric and textile technologies, see 'Textile and apparel technology'.
Definition: The set of phenomena that occur in Earth's atmosphere -- especially in a given location at a given time -- including day-to-day temperature fluctuations, precipitation, dryness, and major weather events such as hurricanes and tornadoes.
Definition: Ceremonies in which two people are married. Includes bridal dresses, honeymoons, etiquette and wedding receptions. For marriage as a social issue, see "Marriage".
Definition: Sport where athletes attempt to lift heavier weights than their competitors. Includes clean and jerk, snatch, and powerlifting formats. For the strength training exercise, see "Weight training".
Definition: Accidental or intentionally set fires occurring in outdoor locations such as forests, brush or grasslands, resulting in property damage and/or death or injury. For fire-related criminal activity, see 'Arson.'
Definition: Health issues of particular interest to women, such as menopause, cervical cancer or pregnancy, as well as the achievement and maintenance of female health and well-being.
Definition: Competitive sport focused on hand-to-hand combat between two adversaries using grappling techniques. Includes freestyle and Greco-Roman formats, as well as entertainment wrestling. Also see "Sumo".
Definition: A category of storytelling, in literature, film, television, and other media, targeted to and appropriate for an audience from 12 to 18 years of age.
Definition: The biology of animals. Includes research, commentary, announcements, publications, exhibits, and content aimed at enthusiasts and the general public.